It was Ayurveda of ancient India that pioneered the modern concepts of surgery. Ancient Surgical science known as Shalya Tantra is a vital branch of Ayurveda and embraces all processes aiming at the removal of factors responsible for producing pain or misery to the body or mind.
According to Acharya Sushruta, it is best to use Shalya tantra when the problem with the body is beyond merely medicinal repair. In cases like cysts, abscesses, enlarged lymph nodes, haemorrhoids, kidney and bladder stones, urinary retention, and breast related diseases, he advised to employ the techniques of Shalya tantra. The treatment not only gives faster relief to the person suffering but is also beneficial in circumstances when the internal medicine fails to cure.
Raktamokshana provides a rapid and sometimes dramatic reduction of symptoms in certain acute conditions especially where time is a critical factor.
According to Ayurveda, Agnikarma is a superior parasurgical procedure. With this procedure various disease conditions are treated by inflicting burns on the tissue surface directly by using different tools.
KSHARAKARMA or Caustic cauterisation is performed as per Pervaje technique. Kshara , a composite of many herbs and drugs is applied on pile masses for stipulated time to cause the coagulation necrosis and piles will slough out completely without leaving a residual stump.
It has an advantage of minimal hospitalisation, post operative pain is minimal. No blood loss, No damage to healthy tissue, No stricture , No huge ulcer, No recurrence and No side effects.
KSHARASUTRA treatment has been rated as the best available management for Fistula in ano with almost nil recurrence. Ksharasutra is passed through the fistula track and changed every week to help curetting the unhealthy lining of the tract and healing without leaving an ulcer. At times the tract may have to be excised.
Probing of the track is done to assess the course or direction of the track. Ksharasutra is then passed through it which is periodically changed. This cures the disease without recurrence and no excision required.
Kshara Sutra causes minimal tissue damage as it simultaneously acts by gradual and sustained chemical debridement of the debris and healthy granulation tissue formation. The advantage of this therapy is that it is a simple, minimally invasive, does not require hospitalisation and patient can resume his/her daily routine activities within a day. This technique is also very cost effective and is safe even in patients who are not fit for surgery e.g. Diabetics, Cardiac patients, Hypertensive patients, Elderly patients etc.,